Tuberculosis meningitis affecting the central nervous system is an extremely common infection occurring in India, particularly in young children. About 15% of cases of mental retardation are due to TB meningitis.Symptoms include fever, headache, nausea, vomiting, neck stiffness and a reluctance to bend the neck and spine.

Impairment of consciousness, seizures and paralysis are later signs. Complications include hydrocephaly, encephalitis and collection of fluid under the skin. Treatment is primarily through antibiotics. As soon as a child is suspected of contracting a viral infection, it is vital that a doctor is consulted.